Each card brief explanation sheet (English version) 

Card No. 名前 Name Role Brief description Place of birth
Birth year
A 五つ木瓜 Itsutsu Mokko Kamon
2 ルイス フロイス Luis Frois Missionary Christian Catholic priest and missionary. In 1563, he landed in Japan. He carried out missionary work in Kinai. He is the author of ‘Historia de Japam’, which is an important document of the Sengoku period. He wrote detailed accounts of Oda Nobunaga and his vassals. He died in Nagasaki.
※’Kinai’ is an area that includes Kyoto, the capital, and present-day Osaka, Nara, and Hyogo. The central area of Japan’s politics and economy at the time.
Portugal
1532
3 お市の方 Oichi no kata Princess She is Oda Nobunaga’s younger sister. In 1567, Oda Nobunaga made an alliance with the Asai clan, and Oichi married Asai Nagamasa, a feudal lord of Omi(Shiga-ken). In 1570, during the Battle of Kanegasaki against the Asakura clan, she is said to have sent a bag of adzuki beans to Nobunaga, who was in the camp, to inform him of the betrayal of the Asai clan. Owari
1547
4 安土城 Azuchi-jo Castle Castle A castle built in 1579 on a mountain on the east coast of Lake Biwako(Shiga-ken) under the direction of Oda Nobunaga. A unique six-story castle tower was constructed on the summit of Azuchi. Temples and vassal residences were built on the hillsides. In 1582, it was destroyed by fire shortly after an incident.
5 滝川一益 Takigawa Kazumasu Ninja Senior vassal of the Oda clan. He is said to be from a Koga ninja clan. He’s a matchlock gun expert. In 1582, for his exploits in the Takeda expedition, he became the commander of the Kanto area army and the lord of Kōzuke Province(Gunma-ken). He asked Oda Nobunaga not for the territory, but for the famous tea utensils, but it was not granted. He liked the tea ceremony and Nohgaku. Ōmi
1525
6 沢彦宗恩 Takugen Souon Staff officer Oda clan’s staff officer. A priest of the Myoshinji school of the Rinzai sect. He was commissioned by Hirate Masahide, a vassal of the Oda clan, to become Oda Nobunaga’s tutor. He devised the place name ‘Gifu'(Gifu-city) and Nobunaga’s policy ‘Tenkafubu’. The relationship between Kaisen Joki, the chief priest of Takeda clan Erinji Temple, and his brother-in-law.
※’Tenkafubu’ is the idea of Oda Nobunaga. Kinai has been in conflict for decades, so it means that everything will be settled by force. He used this seal on his letters even when he was not very powerful.
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7 丹羽長秀 Niwa Nagahide Busyo・
Military commander
Ssenior vassal of the Oda clan. In 1573, he was granted Wakasa Province(Fukui-ken) by Oda Nobunaga and became the first vassal of the Oda clan to become a feudal lord of the province. He was called ‘Kome-goroza’, and he was as important as rice, and he was given an important post by Oda Nobunaga, as well as in military affairs, domestic affairs, and the construction of Azuchi Castle.
※Kome equal rice. By the way, Hideyoshi seems to have been called a bald mouse by Nobunaga.
Owari
1535
8 羽柴秀吉 Hashiba Hideyoshi Busyo・
Military commander
Around 1554, he served Oda Nobunaga. Although he was of the lowest social status due to his achievements in capturing Mino(Gifu-ken), he was recognized by Oda Nobunaga and was promoted. He had many capable subordinates, including Takenaka Hanbei, his staff officer. After the Asai clan’s downfall, he became the lord of Nagahama-jo Castle(Shiga-ken). He became a military commander to face the Mouri clan, a large power in the west. Later Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Owari
1537
9 明智光秀 Akechi Mitsuhide Busyo・
Military commander
Senior vassal of the Oda clan. He served the Asakura and Ashikaga clans. Known as an educated man, he was in charge of the Oda clan’s negotiations with the Imperial Court. In 1579, he succeeded in conquering Tanba and Tango(Kyouto-fu,Hyougo-ken) while also fighting in Settsu(Osaka-fu). He commanded the main armies in Kinai. In 1582, during the June rainy season, he caused the Honnoji Incident and killed Oda Nobunaga. Mino
1528?
10 柴田勝家 Shibata Katsuie Busyo・
Military commander
Chief vassal of the Oda clan. Known as the bravest military commander of the Oda clan, he was called ‘Kakare Shibata’ or ‘Oni-Shibata’. In 1575, he became the lord of Kitanosho-jo Castle in Echizen(Fukui-ken). As the commander of the Hokuriku army, he confronted the Uesugi clan and advanced to Ecchu(Toyama-ken). Owari
1522?
J 織田信忠 Oda Nobutada Successor The eldest son of Oda Nobunaga. In 1576, he inherited the family estate from Oda Nobunaga . In 1582, he led the battle against the Takeda clan as a general and destroyed the Takeda clan. In 1582, he suicided with his own sword at the Nijo Imperial Palace due to the Honnoji(Kyouto-fu) Incident. Owari
1557
Q 濃姫 Nohime Seishitsu・
Legal wife
She is the daughter of the famous Mino(Gifu-ken) daimyo Saito Dosan. Her mother is Akechi clan. In 1549, she married Oda Nobunaga, due to an alliance between the Oda clan and the Saito clan. She is a mysterious person with almost no records of her life.
※Daimyo equal feudal lord
Mino
1535?
K 織田信長 Oda Nobunaga Daimyo・
Feudal lord
Son of a senior vassal of Owari(Aichi-ken) Shugo. He demonstrated his military genius in the surprise attack in the Battle of Okehazama (1560) against the Imagawa clan and in the gunfight in the Battle of Nagashino (1575) against the Takeda clan. He also had political talents such as liberal economics, revitalization of culture such as the tea ceremony, and recruitment of talented people regardless of social status. He also clashed with Shyogun and religious forces, destroying old vested interests. He was interested in European technology and culture, and had many interactions with missionaries. In one generation, he greatly expanded his territory to Kinai, Tokai, Hokuriku, Koshin, and Kōzuke. At the time, this area controlled most of Japan in terms of economy and population. And in 1582, he died in the Honnoji Incident.
※Shugo is a Province lord appointed by the shogun. As the war continued, the power of the central shogunate had long been lost. Therefore, the power of Shugo was not absolute.
Owari
1534
A 三つ葉葵 Mitsuba Aoi Kamon
2 南光坊天海 Nankobo Tenkai Priest Tokugawa Ieyasu’s religious and political adviser. He is a monk of the Tendai sect and a high priest. He was deeply involved in the urban planning of Edo, incorporating Onmyodo and feng shui. In 1624, he founded the Kaneiji Temple in Edo. He assisted the politics of the shogunate from the first shogun Ieyasu to the third shogun. Mutsu?
1536?
3 出雲阿国 Izumo no Okuni Entertainer A famous female entertainer during Sengoku period. She is said to have been a shrine maiden performing Kagura at Izumo Taisha. Her original dance and the play in which Okuni dressed as a man became very popular, and she toured various places. She laid the foundation for Kabuki, which continues to this day. In 1607, she performed Kabuki at Edo Castle. Izumo?
1572?
4 江戸城 Edo-jo Castle Castle A castle built on the eastern edge of the plateau facing Tokyo Bay. There was already a small castle, but this was marshes and wilderness. In 1590, by order of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the Tokugawa clan’s territory was changed to Kanto(A large area centered on present-day Tokyo), and a castle was built on this land. After that, the castle continued to expand and became the largest castle in Japan. The current Imperial Palace and central Tokyo.
5 服部半蔵 Hattori Hanzo Ninja A vassal of the Tokugawa clan. His real name is Hattori Masashige. The head of the Iga ninja has been called Hattori Hanzo for generations. At the time of the Honnoji Incident, his lord Tokugawa Ieyasu, who was in a small group in Osaka, was being targeted by army and bandits. He protected Ieyasu with the Iga ninja and was able to return to Ieyasu’s base in Mikawa(Aichi-ken). Mikawa
1542
6 本多正信 Honda Masanobu Staff officer In 1563, he ran away from Tokugawa clan and participated in the religious uprising in Mikawa(Aichi-ken). And wander around the country. Around 1575 he returned to the Tokugawa clan and became Tokugawa Ieyasu’s political advisor. He had a strong influence on the shogunate as a bureaucratic aide to Ieyasu. He is a shogunate elder. Mikawa
1538
7 井伊直政 Ii Naomasa Busyo・
Military commander
One of the Tokugawa clan’s four powerful generals. He was the son of a small local lord of Iinoya(Shizuoka-ken). When the Tokugawa clan ruled Kai Province(Yamanashi-ken), he added the powerful Takeda army corps to his subordinates and led the so-called ‘Akazonae’. At the Battle of Sekigahara, the most famous battle in Japanese history, he led the Tokugawa clan’s military administration and also presided over diplomatic negotiations. The first lord of the Hikone domain(Shiga-ken). Tōtōmi
1561
8 榊原康政 Sakakibara Yasumasa Busyo・
Military commander
One of the Tokugawa clan’s four powerful generals. He succeeded in suppressing the religious uprising in Mikawa(Aichi-ken) in his first battle. He served in countless roles as a military commander and general magistrate. Already he had enough territory. He was offered more estates by his lord, but he set an example of vassal by refusing it. The first lord of the Tatebayashi domain(Gunma-ken). Mikawa
1548
9 本多忠勝 Honda Tadakatsu Busyo・
Military commander
One of the Tokugawa clan’s four powerful generals. He has achieved legendary military prowess in numerous battles. One of the best warlords in battle during the Sengoku period. He is said to have never been wounded in 57 battles. He is a spear master who owns one of Japan’s three most famous spears, the Tonbokiri. He was the first lord of the Kuwana(Mie-ken) and Otaki(Chiba-ken) domains. Mikawa
1548
10 酒井忠次 Sakai Tadatsugu Busyo・
Military commander
Chief vassal of the Tokugawa clan. He served Tokugawa Ieyasu as a vassal since childhood when he was a hostage of the Imagawa clan. He managed Tokugawa’s vassals from the time when the Tokugawa clan was a small force, such as the unification of Mikawa Province(Aichi-ken) and the battle with the Takeda clan, which was a large power. He was deeply trusted by Tokugawa Ieyasu and participated in important negotiations and major battles. Mikawa
1527
J 徳川秀忠 Tokugawa Hidetada Successor The third son of Tokugawa Ieyasu. He led 38,000 soldiers in the Battle of Sekigahara, but was late for the decisive battle. He is said to be a serious and virtuous person. In 1605, he succeeded Ieyasu as Shogun of the Edo Shogunate. Although the Tokugawa clan was already powerful, there were still elements of social instability. As the second shogun, he stabilized the shogunate. Tōtōmi
1579
Q 築山殿 Tukiyama-dono Seishitsu・
Legal wife
She is said to be the niece of Imagawa Yoshimoto, a daimyo with great power in Suruga and Totomi(Shizuoka-ken). In 1557 she married Tokugawa Ieyasu, and in 1559 she gave birth to Tokugawa Ieyasu’s legitimate son Matsudaira Nobuyasu. By Tokugawa’s important ally Nobunaga Oda, she and Matsudaira Nobuyasu are suspected of colluding with the Takeda clan. She was murdered by her retainers in 1579. Suruga
1542?
K 徳川家康 Tokugawa Ieyasu Daimyo・
Feudal lord
Son of the lord of Okazaki Castle(Aichi-ken). During his childhood he was taken hostage by Oda clan and Imagawa clan. When the Imagawa clan declined in the Battle of Okehazama, he became independent from the Imagawa clan and allied with Oda Nobunaga. He unified Mikawa(Aichi-ken). Later, as an ally of the Oda clan, he helped the Oda clan in battle and became a great daimyo. He remained influential due to his military and diplomatic abilities even after his alliance with the Oda clan ended. In 1600, he won the Battle of Sekigahara and established the Edo Shogunate. In 1615, he overthrew the Toyotomi clan in the Summer Siege of Osaka and ruled Japan. After that, there was no war for 260 years. A year later, in 1616, he died. Mikawa
1542
A 五七の桐 Goshichi no Kiri Kamon
2 西笑承兌 Saisyo jotai Priest A priest of the Rinzai sect. He is Hideyoshi’s adviser on domestic affairs and foreign affairs. During the Bunroku-Keicho War he drafted diplomatic documents with Ming and Korea. He also drafted the laws of scholarship and religion. He rebuilt Shokokuji Temple, which at that time he had fallen into disrepair. Yamashiro
1548
3 千利休 Sen no Rikyu Master of
the tea ceremony
Born into a merchant family in Sakai(Osaka-fu). He served Oda Nobunaga as a tea instructor. After that, he gained the confidence of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and gained influence over the Toyotomi government through tea ceremonies. In 1591, he had a feud with Hideyoshi Toyotomi and he died. He created the ‘wabicha’ of the current mainstream tea ceremony. Izumi
1522
4 大坂城 Osaka-jo Castle Castle At the northern end of the Uemachi Plateau in Settsu Province(Osaka-fu), there is the former site of Ishiyama Honganji Temple. The castle was built in 1583 under the orders of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The castle was designed by Kuroda Kanbei. The north side faces the Yodo River. A huge moat surrounds the castle. During the Winter Siege of Osaka, they were surrounded by Tokugawa Ieyasu with a large army, but they were unable to take them down.
5 蜂須賀小六 Hachisuka Koroku Espionage A landlord of the Kiso River. He served Oda clan. He built castles in one night on enemy territory along the river, and helped Hideyoshi’s army in the battle of Anegawa against the Asai clan. He later became a vassal of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and is said to have engaged in intelligence activities and negotiations with enemy lords to change sides. The first lord of the Awa Tokushima Domain(Tokushima-ken). Owari
1526
6 黒田官兵衛 Kuroda Kanbei Strategist A child of a small local lord of Harima Province. In 1575, he became a vassal of the Oda clan. After Takenaka Hanbei passed away, he demonstrated his military talents such as strategy and tactics as a strategist for Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In the Honnoji Incident, he advised to make peace with the Mori clan as soon as possible and to fight Akechi Mitsuhide as soon as possible. It is said that Hideyoshi feared his high ability and made him a feudal lord of Chikuzen Province(Fukuoka-ken), which is far from the center. The first feudal lord of Chikuzen Fukuoka(Fukuoka-ken). Christian daimyo. Harima
1546
7 福島正則 Fukushima Masanori Busyo・
Military commander
He was a relative of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and served as a page. He is a military commander of the military faction of the Toyotomi government. He made his mark in the Battle of Yamazaki and the Battle of Shizugatake. He did not get along with his bureaucrat Ishida Mitsunari. During the Battle of Sekigahara, he fought in Tokugawa Ieyasu’s army. He was the first lord of the Aki Hiroshima Domain(Hiroshima-ken). Owari
1561
8 石田三成 Ishida Mitsunari Busyo・
Military commander
Served Toyotomi Hideyoshi as a page. He is the head of the five magistrates of the Toyotomi government. He led political affairs such as diplomacy, land surveys, and logistics. He was at odds with Tokugawa Ieyasu, one of the Five Elders of the Toyotomi government. In 1600, he commanded the Western Army at the Battle of Sekigahara, but was defeated. He has Shima Sakon, a fierce general, as his vassal. Ōmi
1560
9 加藤清正 Kato Kiyomasa Busyo・
Military commander
He was a relative of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and served as a page. He was the head military commander of the military faction of the Toyotomi government. In 1592, he was the main force in the Bunroku-Keicho War. Known as a master of castle construction, he extensively renovated Kumamoto-jo Castle(Kumamoto-ken). He was the first lord of the Higo Kumamoto Domain(Kumamoto-ken). Owari
1562
10 豊臣秀長 Toyotomi Hidenaga Busyo・
Military commander
The younger brother of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. As Hideyoshi Toyotomi’s adjutant, he played an active role in domestic affairs and military affairs, and contributed greatly to the unification of Japan. Due to his gentle nature, he was an indispensable coordinator for the Toyotomi government. A feudal lord who ruled Yamato(Nara-ken), Kii(Wakayama-ken), and Izumi(Osaka-fu) provinces. He died in 1591, the year after the unification. Owari
1540
J 豊臣秀頼 Toyotomi Hideyori Successor The second son of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. His mother is Yodo-dono, the daughter of ‘Oichi’. Toyotomi Hideyoshi died in 1598. In 1603, he married the granddaughter of Tokugawa Ieyasu. In 1614, the Winter Siege of Osaka. Tokugawa Ieyasu’s allied forces invaded and he besieged himself at Castle. Due to Sanada Yukimura’s strategy and the defenses of Osaka-jo Castle, he made peace with a large army. In 1615, there was the Summer Siege of Osaka, and the Toyotomi clan was destroyed. Settsu
1593
Q 北政所 Kitanomandokoro Seishitsu・
Legal wife
Daughter of Sugihara Sadatoshi, who served the Oda clan. Her name is “Nene”. She married Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1561, despite her mother’s objections. Known as a person of character, she supported Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s unification of Japan. She made Kato Kiyomasa and Fukushima Masanori live in the castle and raised them from childhood. After Toyotomi Hideyoshi died, she opened Kodaiji Temple. Owari
1548?
K 豊臣秀吉 Toyotomi Hideyoshi Daimyo・
Feudal lord
At the time of the Honnoji Incident, he was the military commander of the Oda clan against the western powers of the Mouri clan. He soon made peace with the Mori clan. Eight days later he defeated Akechi Mitsuhide’s army at the Battle of Yamazaki. In 1583, he defeated his rival Shibata Katsuie, a senior vassal of the Oda clan, at the Battle of Shizugatake. He possessed the area including the Kinai region and gained great power. He was able to remain in the fight of the Oda clan’s vassals. By his military prowess, his bargaining power and his excellent vassals. Although he was said to be of peasant origin, in 1590 he succeeded in unifying the whole country. He carried out sword hunting and land surveying, and promoted centralization. Owari
1537
A 四つ割菱 Yotsu Waribishi Kamon
2 快川紹喜 Kaisen Joki Priest A priest of the Myoshinji school of the Rinzai sect. In 1564, he was invited by Takeda Shingen to become the chief priest of Erinji Temple, the family temple of the Takeda clan. In 1582, when the Oda clan invaded Kai Province(Yamanashi-ken), a military commander took refuge in Erinji Temple. He refused to hand over the military commander to the Oda clan, and the temple was set on fire and he was killed along with the military commander. He has a famous saying “By controlling mind and head to nothingness, the fire will naturally feel cooler.” Mino
1502?
3 足利義昭 Ashikaga Yoshiaki Shogun The last shogun of the Muromachi shogunate, which lasted for 15 generations. In 1568, he became Shogun with the help of Oda Nobunaga. After that, he confronted Oda Nobunaga, and from around 1571, he called on the Takeda clan, Asakura clan, and religious forces to oppose Oda Nobunaga, forming a resistance force. In 1573, he was expelled from Kyoto. In 1575, he again sent a letter to the influential feudal lords Takeda, Uesugi, Mori, and Hojo calling for hostility against Oda Nobunaga. Yamashiro
1537
4 躑躅ヶ崎館 Tsutsujigasaki-yakata Castle A mansion that serves as the base for the Takeda clan, Shugo of Kai Province(yamanashi-ken). Built on an alluvial fan in the north-central part of the Kofu Basin, it had three moats and a group of buildings. It is adjacent to a mountain castle to withstand attacks.
5 出浦盛清 Ideura Morikiyo Espionage A vassal of the Takeda clan. He was the head of the Koshu Ninja. After the Takeda clan’s fall, he will serve the Sanada clan. He has an anecdote. He directed his men to scout inside the castle. He then entered the castle earlier than his men. and confirmed the accuracy of his subordinate’s information. Shinano
1546
6 山本勘助 Yamamoto Kansuke Strategist Takeda’s strategist. Although he was a ronin (masterless samurai), he was known as a master of military strategy and castle construction. In 1543 he served Takeda Shingen. He made many achievements such as the capture of Shinano(Nagano-ken). In 1561, he proposed a surprise attack at the Battle of Kawanakajima against the Uesugi clan. However, Uesugi Kenshin saw through the plan and he died protecting his lord. Mikawa
or
Suruga
1500?
7 高坂昌信 Kosaka Masanobu Busyo・
Military commander
One of the Takeda clan’s four powerful generals. He was the front line lord of Kaizu-jo Castle(Nagano-ken) against the Uesugi clan. He is said to be the original author of a military text called “Koyo Gunkan”, an important document for the Takeda clan. After the Battle of Nagashino, he supported Takeda Katsuyori as a senior vassal. Kai
1527
8 山県昌景 Yamagata Masakage Busyo・
Military commander
One of the Takeda clan’s four powerful generals. The younger brother of Obu Toramasa, a senior vassal of the Takeda clan. In 1565, he took over ObuToramasa’s army of “Akazonae”. The strength of the ‘Akazonae’ he commanded spread across the land and was feared. ‘Akazonae’ was the symbol of the Takeda army, which was said to be the strongest in the Sengoku period. In 1575, he is said to have advised Takeda Katsuyori to retreat at the Battle of Nagashino, he died in this battle. Kai
1529
9 馬場信春 Baba Nobuharu Busyo・
Military commander
One of the Takeda clan’s four powerful generals. He excelled in military affairs and domestic affairs, and was well versed in castle construction. It is said that he built Fukashi Castle (later Matsumoto Castle(Nagano-ken)). In 1575, he served as ‘Shingari’ in the Battle of Nagashino and he died in this battle.
‘Shingari’ is a unit positioned at the rear of the unit when the entire army is retreating, and retreats while being attacked by the enemy. That way you can safely withdraw all your troops. As such, the task is a very risky and courageous act.
Shinano
1515?
10 武田信繁 Takeda Nobushige Busyo・
Military commander
Takeda Shingen’s younger brother. As the manager of the Takeda clan’s vassals, he played an active role in military affairs and diplomacy. In 1561 he died in the Battle of Kawanakajima against the Uesugi clan. His death was missed not only by vassals but also by enemies. Sanada Masayuki, a vassal of the Takeda clan, named his second son Nobushige, who had the same name as him. (Later Sanada Yukimura. The most famous military commander in the Siege of Osaka.) Kai
1525
J 武田勝頼 Takeda Katsuyori Successor Son of Takeda Shingen. He succeeded the Suwa clan and became the lord of Takato Castle(Nagano-ken). In 1573, when Shingen’s heir, Yoshinobu, died, he became the head of the Takeda clan. In 1575, he was defeated at the Battle of Nagashino, but after that he expanded the territory of the Takeda clan to the maximum. In 1582, there was an invasion of Kai Province(Yamanashi-ken) by the Oda clan and the betrayal of the Takeda clan. The prestigious Takeda clan perished and he died at that time. Kai
1546
Q 三条の方 Sanjo no kata Seishitsu・
Legal wife
The second daughter of Sanjo Kinyori, Minister of the Left. Her older sister was the wife of Hosokawa Harumoto, who held an important position in the shogunate, and her younger sister was the wife of Kennyo, who was the chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple. In 1536 she married Takeda Shingen. She is the son of Takeda Shingen’s eldest son Takeda Yoshinobu. She is said to be a devout believer in Buddhism. Yamashiro
1521
K 武田信玄 Takeda Shingen Daimyo・
Feudal lord
The eldest son of the Shugo of Kai Province. In 1541, he became the head of the Takeda clan. Kai Province was a mountainous, poor land, and a region of constant conflict. Tageda Shingen revitalized the economy through irrigation, mine development, and the production of gold coins. He also created a disciplined Takeda army that was said to be the strongest in the Sengoku period. In 1553, he took control of Shinano(Nagano-ken) except Kita Shinano. For Kita-Shinano, he fought against Uesugi Kenshin five times in 11 years, but no settlement was reached. The famous Battle of Kawanakajima. In 1572, in response to the call of Shogun Ashikaga Yoshiaki, he advanced his army to Kyoto. In the Battle of Mikatagahara, he destroyed Tokugawa Ieyasu’s army at Hamamatsu Castle(Shizuoka-ken), but later died of illness while marching. Kai
1521